Workable Post-Civ Societies: Ideas from Ivan Illich and Gustavo Esteva

In praise of the vernacular.

photo of Ivan Illich (2nd left) and Gustavo Esteva (2nd right), from Radical Ecological Democracy

The idea of ‘practicing’ how we might live in the societies that emerge after civilization’s collapse has always interested me. I’m convinced that we’re not likely going to be able to create viable models of new ways to live, at least not at any scale, until our current global industrial civilization culture has collapsed and ‘gotten out of the way’. But why not practice now anyway, and learn a thing or two in the process?

This is what underlies my fascination with Intentional Communities, which are, in many cases, attempts to do just that — to find a more resilient, sustainable, humane, peaceful and connected way to live and make a living together than the ones on offer from our global industrial civilization. While there are some remarkable, enduring exceptions, most of these ‘model communities’ rarely last. The reasons for that are complicated and varied (loss of founders, financial problems, unreasonable expectations, inequitable workload, dysfunctional members etc.)

In any case, it’s unlikely that anything we learn now will be of much use to post-civilization societies when they emerge — in a generation, a century, or even a millennium from now. And it’s far from certain our species will survive at all. Still, there’s no harm thinking about what models might work, and, perhaps more importantly, about the factors that distinguish those that work from those that don’t.

There are two dangerous tendencies among those who like to think about creating alternative models of how humans ‘should’ live — (i) the tendency to idealize, and invent a ‘one-size-fits-all’ model that fits with one’s personal (often impracticable) ideals and parochial worldview, and (ii) the tendency to think that any effective community model can be ‘designed’ top-down, rather than it just emerging and evolving, through the collective efforts of its participants, to meet uniquely local, ‘vernacular’ needs.

As an incorrigible idealist myself, I confess that, especially in its early years, this blog was replete with idealistic models of better ways to live and be in the world, which are now mostly cringe-worthy. I refuse to take them down because they remind me of past errors in my thinking, and hopefully prevent me from making the same errors again.

And as an impatient person who loves to design things, I confess I have often thought I ‘knew better’ what needed to be done in a particular situation than the people actually personally steeped in the problem. I have often later apologized for my hubris.

I preface this article with those caveats because two of the people who tried valiantly to develop alternative models to the capitalistic crypto-democratic hierarchical massive-scale globalized systems we are struggling with today (and watching fall apart) were staunch, almost rabid, idealists. They were Ivan Illich (1926-2002) and Gustavo Esteva (1936-2022 — a victim of CoVid-19).

What I appreciated about these two, who knew each other well and worked together in some of the most impoverished parts of México, is that they had the courage to try to implement their vision and model of a better way to live in the communities they were adopted into and grew to love. Nothing like a dose of practical reality to take the polished edge off your idealism.

Both of them had seen (mostly from the work of religious missionaries) the carnage that results from attempts to impose an ideology (religious, political, or economic), and even impose a way of being, on an entire population. Instead, as Ivan put it, it’s essential to understand and embrace the vernacular — the ways that have emerged and evolved in each local place to suit their unique circumstances and cultures, ways that “made poverty tolerable” there.

Ivan focused much of his attention on two rigid, imposed European-model systems — education and ‘health care’. The alternative, community-based, community-responsive systems he strove to implement were ‘convivial’ — based on local knowledge and local connection, and on the development of demonstrated competencies, not academic degrees.

He fiercely defended his uncompromising ideals — including that the precondition for creating more responsive, effective, local communities and competencies was the complete abolition of the existing systems. He intuitively understood that radical change was not possible as long as the existing systems, dysfunctional as they were, remained in place, with their inevitably invested, change-resistant, staunch defenders.

He described the ‘health care system’ as inherently iatrogenic — causing and increasing disease rather than reducing it — and favoured systems that empowered the ‘patient’ citizen to learn enough to self-diagnose and self-treat many illnesses, to prevent rather than treat illnesses, and to work as a partner with community health care practitioners instead of waiting for the practitioners to just tell them what was wrong and what to do.

His colleague Gustavo worked closely with the Zapatistas to support their efforts to create a revolutionary, autonomous state free from Méxican government interference and ‘help’. He established the anti-authoritarian unschooling Universidad de la Tierra and spent his life working against the “hegemony” of both nation-states and corporate oligopolies, which he saw as dysfunctional institutions that needed to be abolished. A better alternative, he insisted, would come from indigenous communities themselves, developing local solutions that they would then share with other communities. The educational, political, economic, health care and other systems being forced on nations all over the world had never worked for the benefit of the citizens, he said, nor could they be reformed. They needed to be replaced.

Both men were extremely outspoken, often controversial, and not always particularly liked. They both intuitively loathed institutions and institutional ‘solutions’, believing that they were inflexible, incapable of evolving and learning, and that they incapacitated citizens from learning to do things for themselves. Even fans and positive reviewers of their work often criticized much of what they said for “going too far”.

Here’s my brief summary of what I thought were the main points from two of Ivan’s best-known books, with some excerpts of his principal ideas. And here’s an article by Gustavo explaining his “path to freedom” for communities. They’ll give you a bit of a flavour for their beliefs and approaches in their own words.

What are the shared principles that underlie small-scale, autonomous ‘vernacular’ systems that have emerged and evolved in indigenous communities and enabled their citizens to thrive? I don’t know that they have ever been specifically articulated, but I thought I would try to identify some of them. There is probably no ‘process’ that could necessarily nurture this emergence; like most natural systems, it’s a matter of trial and error, and learning and evolving by doing. Here’s what I came up with (it’s far from complete):

The emergence of effective ways to be in community requires:

  1.  That the members of the community learn and practice the ‘convivial’ arts of listening, conversation, collaboration, consensus building, critical thinking, conflict resolution, self-management, and self-directed learning — a curiosity-driven ‘learning how to learn’ for oneself instead of having to be ‘taught’.
  2. A deep understanding and appreciation of the local land and its inhabitants, all the forms of life including humans who ‘belong’ to the land; and hence what the land and its inhabitants offer, and what they need, and a continuous effort to sustainably draw on (accept, gift, harvest) what they offer and to meet their needs, cooperatively. And an ethic that enables everyone to appreciate when the interests of the community outweigh personal interests.
  3. Constant opportunities to learn and practice new capacities, both ‘hard’ and ‘soft’, to hone these capacities through working with self-selected mentors, watching demonstrations, apprenticing, and through doing and learning from facilitated practice and from mistakes, rather than ‘schooling’ or textbook-based ‘instruction’. And from play! [I saw this learning-from-demonstrations-and-apprenticing ably demonstrated during my short visit with Joe Bageant in a small village in Belize many years ago.]
  4. Nurturing the capacity in each of us to take care of our own and others’ health and well-being, including preventative actions (such as a good diet and exercise and accident prevention), self-diagnostic and self-treatment capacities, and understanding what constitutes a ‘good death’. And it requires ensuring that every child achieves the sense of secure attachment and the capacity to be authentic and true to him- or herself, free from abuse, that are needed to grow up to be a healthy, competent, non-dependent adult within a healthy, competent, self-sufficient community.
  5. The nurturing of opportunities to give vent to our passions to create and express ourselves through the arts, and to explore, and to discover.
  6. A capacity to create lasting confederations with other nearby communities, each respecting each other’s autonomy and unique ways, but also supporting each other in facing shared challenges.
  7. The creation of structures (eg for housing and transportation) that maximize conviviality and connection, and minimize isolation.
  8. An appreciation of the need to keep the community small, resilient, autonomous, adaptable, and in balance with the rest of life on the land (ie the objective is never ‘growth’).
  9. In all of the above, a continuing collective self-assessment of how the community is doing in each of these areas, and a collective determination of remedial actions when necessary.

There are probably many other requirements that a post-civ community will have to accommodate to thrive when our species starts over (probably again and again) after civilization’s collapse, to learn how to live as part of and in concert with all-life-on-earth. Thinking about what I have observed and read about wild creatures, it seems to me they mostly have these capacities, remarkably without the need for language to acquire or sustain them.

We also surely have much to learn from indigenous communities and those who have lived in them, though I suspect that, because their cultures have been so diminished by the destruction of their ways of life by our industrial civilization, that wisdom is quickly being lost.

I think Ivan and Gustavo, were they to look at the above list, would say that these were some of the qualities they spent their lives trying to help the communities they worked with, to achieve.

So this is not a model, a prescription, a process, a recipe, or even a set of ingredients for a functional community. It’s really, I think, just a list of preconditions for any successful human culture. Almost none of these preconditions are present, I would say, in most of our current cultures, or at least our western cultures. There is no prescription for how these preconditions might or could or should be met; they are emergent properties, not something that can be planned for or imposed. We will learn to meet them when we have to — or not. And most of that learning will likely have to await the collapse of the existing systems that consume almost all of our time and attention, and which fiercely resist such alternative ways of being and doing.

In reading this list, though, the joyful pessimist in me believes that some day in the long distant future there could well be many flourishing (probably largely tribal) human societies that meet these preconditions. Much will depend, I think, on our capacity to deal with the affliction of our species’ large brains and the separate, fearful selves they have concocted, inventions that, I suspect, make creating and sustaining cohesive communities so much harder than it has to be.

Me, I just watch the local community of crows out my window, with wonder and awe. They obviously meet all these preconditions and do all these things, in spades.

Y’know, what healthy creatures do.

Posted in Collapse Watch, How the World Really Works, Our Culture / Ourselves | 4 Comments

In a Foreign Land

This is #25 in a series of month-end reflections on the state of the world, and other things that come to mind, as I walk, hike, and explore in my local community.


photo taken here in Coquitlam by Vancouverite Ashika Morasiewicz

In a foreign land there were creatures at play,
Running hand in hand, needing nowhere to stay,
Driven to the mountains high, they were sunken in the cities deep,
Livin’ in my sleep.

I feel like goin’ back, back where there’s nowhere to stay,
When fire filled the sky, I still remember that day.
These rocks I’m climbin’ down have already left the ground,
Careening through space.
I used to build these buildings; I used to walk next to you.
Their shadows tore us apart, and now we do what we do.
Driven to the mountains high, sunken in the cities deep,
Livin’ in our sleep.
I feel like goin’ back, back where there’s nowhere to stay.

— Neil Young, Goin’ Back

Yesterday I prowled the neighbourhood, looking for stories. I wondered as I wandered: What does this bustling community and its land and people have to tell me next, if I only pay attention?

Perhaps that nobody really knows anything. Or, maybe, that nothing can be known. I don’t know anything, anyway.

Or that there is beauty everywhere, but it seems like nobody notices. Maybe it’s too familiar to get people’s attention. It rarely gets my attention. You have to slow down, really look. Look closer. Then, sometimes, you can see. The dogs and cats notice. They’re not as domesticated as we are. What a strange quirk of evolution that we humans seemingly ‘get used’ to beauty so we don’t really see it anymore.

It’s just all happening. Or it seems to be. It’s at once mind-bogglingly real and not real at all. Sure seems real though. Amazing what our brains can construct to make sense of things, what they can imagine, what they can believe. And since ‘we’ don’t actually decide anything, or do anything, it doesn’t matter that everything these brains construct is a fiction. An interpretation in vacuo of the firehose of electrical impulses coming from our senses, one that can never actually reflect reality. But it doesn’t matter. What happens, happens, regardless.

Some who have studied birds for a lifetime surmise that birds don’t see separate ‘things’. They see movement, of course. But they just kind of ‘take in’ everything all-together-at-once and respond instinctively to what their senses perceive, without trying to make meaning of it, or parse it, or judge it. Even if they had a word for it, they would not identify something as ‘prey’, or even as anything separate from anything else. They don’t need labels to thrive.

I can see this inseparability-of-everything sometimes, when I pay attention, for a short time. And then I go back to being everyone else. Separating everything, tearing everything apart to make meaning of it. I’m used to it now, it’s how the circuits of this brain were formed, way back then, thanks to everyone I’ve ever met and everything I’ve ever read, back in all those times that never happened. It’s the only way I can think, the only way I ‘see’ things at all, most of the time, in this abstract, veiled way. It’s comfortable, living this illusion. It’s a tragedy, a waste, I guess, but it’s OK.

Beautiful, terrible world, PS calls it. Sounds about right. Amazing, astonishing, awful, awesome. We rush around as if we’re going somewhere, but it’s all already here, already decided, already done. It’s all in the can. We’re just the audience, barking in the stands, believing what is conjured up in front of us on the stage, on the retinal screen, is real, and happening now.

I realize I’ve never known anyone, not really, not even myself. Especially not myself. I’ve just made up stories and told them to others and they’ve shrugged and said, essentially, “close enough, I guess”. But they say that only if the stories I tell them are stories they want to hear, stories that mesh and resonate with the stories they’ve told themselves, with what they want to believe to be true. I know better than to tell them stories they don’t want to hear. There is no point. They won’t hear them, can’t hear them. It’s OK; they’re just stories anyway.

So there are these people walking round here, on the paths and sidewalks, seeming to be real. I have to walk around them or I’ll bump into them, after all. We all agree that we are all real. But what does that even mean? I know nothing about them, even the people I claim to know well. I don’t even know where ‘they’ end and ‘not-them’ begins, or anything at all about the ‘not-them’ stuff that makes up most of what they call ‘their’ body.

All I know is the pieces of a story they tell me about themselves, and the pieces I tell myself about them. And all I know about myself is, likewise, the story I tell myself about myself. The plot keeps changing though, and some of the story-lines are pretty thin. Way too many flashbacks and flash-forwards to be coherent. And the characters, including the protagonist of my own story, don’t hang together at all well either. Heroes or villains, I can’t tell. Just not believable, not someone anyone could ever relate to. They need to be spec’d out better if we’re ever going to believe they are real. Editor please!

As I wander through the neighbourhood, I make up stories about the people I see (and about the dogs and cats and birds too). It’s a writer thing. Some of the stories are, I think, clever, or at least interesting. The little boy in the mall commenting to his parents about having seen two Santa Clauses a couple of minutes apart. My story is that he wants to know which is the real one. That he wants so much to believe that somehow there is a real one that he’ll buy any story they tell him, no matter how preposterous. Like the people I know who want to believe Biden is really a good guy who knows what he’s doing, he’s just being presented badly by the press, and by his ‘handlers’, and his foes are taking what he says and does out of context, and lying about the rest.

But all that is just my story. It’s probably wrong. Maybe the kid’s about to discover the lie he’s been told, for ‘his own good’ (both the lie, and now the truth). Maybe that MAGA guy is about to wake up and discover the lie he’s been told about climate collapse. Anything can happen.

I could write a series of short entertaining stories now, about the anecdotes I witnessed, or thought I did, or maybe mostly invented, during my walk. That would be hard work, but it’s fun, and readers might find them amusing.

I could write about the woman going into the bistro as a man is leaving, and just outside the door, they both move the same way, and then both move the opposite way, trying to make room for each other, and then they both laugh, and the man then does a little dance-y spin to make fun of their uncoordinated movements, and then the woman puts her arm up and dances around him and for a moment they’re actually spontaneously dancing, before they laugh and nod and each go on their way. But you could probably write a story about them that would be just as good, and funnier, and more concise.

Or I could write about the homeless guy in the wheelchair who wheels over to the same place midway between the mall and the Skytrain station each day, out there on the edge of the parking lot, and erects a kind of makeshift tent out of tarps, without ever leaving his seat, to protect him and the chair and the little metal box at his feet from the rain, and how every time he sees me he nods and smiles, and gives a little bow in his seat, saying, always “Thank you again!” You could probably embellish that with a bit of a back story — he wears a kind of ersatz military jacket and has some very unusual tattoos. Hell, you could probably compose a whole short story about him, with a little imagination.

Instead, however, I sit by the window of my apartment, staring at the panorama of lights spread out below, and drink tea and eat nuts and seeds and berries, which are OK and which are supposed to be good for preventing prostate ‘problems’ and dementia. Can’t hurt, I guess.

And then I go to bed, tossing and turning, and then finally fall asleep.


the place I dreamt about, as depicted by Midjourney AI; my own prompt

In my dream I am wandering in the neighbourhood, but it is not ‘my’ neighbourhood. In the dream, we live in a tropical rainforest, not the boreal one I live in. In the dream, the people are all beautiful, all smiling, adorned with mutually-made body art instead of clothes. The food and water we need is easy to forage near where we live, and we live in hammocks in the trees. Most of the day is spent in various forms of play, and when we play, we laugh, we have fun, we get silly. Like other wild creatures, we go back and forth between two states: enthusiasm and equanimity.

In my dream there are wild creatures everywhere, but they’re not domesticated, not confined, and they are unafraid of humans. In this other reality, we are not doomed, as Loren Eiseley heart-breakingly said, to realize nature only in retreat. There are jaguars in this forest, I know, and we’ve all known those who were eaten by jaguars and other apex predators of this forest, our home, but this is not something we’re anxious about, something we change our behaviour and our lives to try to prevent. The jaguars have to eat, too, and if they choose us to eat, that’s in a sense an honour. It’s the only thing that could have happened. It’s OK. We may run, or fight, or freeze, and we may grieve those who have been eaten, but that’s what life is about. Nothing is right or wrong, good or bad. Just what is. Accepted. All just seeming parts of the one everything, in motion, in flux. Just a rearrangement. Just an appearance.

Just a dream.

In my dream all of this made sense. It seemed not only possible, but the natural way we humans were meant to live. Of course we are told that humans have never lived this way, but I don’t see why we couldn’t have, or might one day live that way again. It’s what I want to believe, even though it’s only a story. Gaia is my Santa Claus, I guess.

So I wake up, and realize it was ‘just’ a dream, but I wonder if what this brain and this concocted ‘self’ sees as reality is just a different kind of dream, just as unreal, just as much the brain’s invention.

Every morning, this brain does what it has been conditioned to do — recreating the story of a separate self with a past and a future, the story of linear time, the story of volition, and everything having a meaning and a purpose and somehow making sense, in order that this body can do what it must do, supposedly, to survive, and, most importantly, to look after its ‘self’. At least that’s how it appears, to the self. None of this seems of any import to this seeming body, this awkward and fragile bag of water and cells and organs and tissues, which does not perceive itself as being apart from anything else. This body — or its billions of constituents to be more precise — just act out their conditioning, not needing any sense of self or separation or time or purpose to do so.

It’s beautiful, what it does, without a thought, without anyone or anything in control. Astonishing even.

But we humans, possessed of selves, don’t notice much. We’re too used to it. Too busy trying to find what is missing, what is needed.

What was never lost.


Thank you to all the readers who have helped me hone and refine and sometimes totally change the thoughts and feelings and perceptions and conceptions that, year after year, this blog tries to chronicle. I have no idea what is going on, but your comments and letters and conversations seem to make this lost, scared, bewildered (but illusory) ’me’ a little less clueless, and this blog’s preposterous propositions a tiny bit less incoherent. This, it seems, is what I do. I can’t help myself.

And, I’m afraid, neither can you. May it turn out as it will, for you and those you care about, in 2024.

Posted in Creative Works, Month-End Reflections | 7 Comments

Can Any Country ‘Divorce’ the US Empire?


This map, from Multipolarista, shows the US-centred Empire bloc of nations (in red) that subscribe to the US-invented Rules Based International Order. The countries in green do not recognize that order, and they continue to support de facto a UN-centred international system governed by international law.

Bilateral agreements are complex and tricky, kind of like the agreements parties enter into, both documented and tacit, in personal (and business) partnerships.

Once agreements have been made, it can be exceedingly difficult to unwind them, when one or more parties to the arrangement decide to end, or radically reform, the relationship. There are legal, financial, and logistic complications for a start — the division of assets (especially large ones that can’t easily be ‘divided’), rights of access, and ongoing compensation, among others. One need only look at the absolute fiasco of Brexit to see what can happen.

As Clinton Fernandez, an Australian professor and former intelligence officer, has taken pains to explain, the countries in red in the chart above entered into what he calls ‘sub-Imperial’ power arrangements — lopsided partnerships — with the US Empire over the past 75-80 years. Clinton argues that we entered into those relationships with our eyes open — we agreed to enforce the Imperial Power’s rule in our geographic region, in return for political, economic and military favours (including “security”). The deal seemed promising at the time.

But relationships change, and there is a lot of evidence that, whether or not this was a devil’s bargain originally, it has now ceased to be in the interests of many if not all of the ‘sub-Imperial’ nations in bed with the US Empire. To wit:

  • The US Empire has abused our trust in order to acquire many (in some cases most) of the resources of our country, often at highly-discounted prices, and is using or has signalled plans to use those resources exclusively for the benefit of the US, and not for our mutual benefit.
  • The US Empire has become politically and economically unstable due principally to the staggering incompetence of its leaders over the entire period of this Empire’s existence. It is now technically bankrupt, propped up only by its coercively retained ‘exorbitant privilege’ of being able to print endless amounts of worthless currency which we are obliged to honour at face value. The misdistribution of wealth and power within the Empire is so obscenely unequal that its own citizens seem now prepared to vote for a deranged neo-fascist in self-defeating protest for their exclusion from a fair share of the bounty and spoils of the Empire’s activities. They are also putting up physical and economic walls around its borders, and arming the perimeters of the Empire to the teeth, by bullying the sub-Imperial powers into buying its mostly-useless, insanely-overpriced military products, and allowing the Empire to occupy large swathes of each country for purposes of launching, or threatening, military actions against non-Empire countries.
  • The US Empire has always put its own interests first, even when those interests are severely detrimental to the interests of the sub-Imperial nations. That of course makes sense to the US Empire, the same way that spousal and child abuse by a stronger family member ‘makes sense’ to advance the interests of the abuser. Biden’s bombing of the Nord Stream pipelines, and the US Empire’s endless sanctions programs, have seriously damaged the economies of the sub-Imperial powers. Its arm-twisting, enabled by a massive and sustained global propaganda campaign, of the sub-Imperial powers to support the US Empire’s endless wars against nations that don’t kow-tow to it, even when those nations actually pose no political or military threat, only an economic threat (caused by the US Empire’s own colossal mishandling of its domestic economy), has severely tarnished the reputation of the entire Empire, including that of the sub-Imperial powers, in the eyes of most of the rest of the world.
  • This massive propaganda campaign, directed against the citizens of the sub-Imperial powers as well as the US Empire’s own citizens, has instilled such intense fear and misunderstanding that many citizens of the sub-Imperial powers are now convinced that their own governments’ long-standing and world-leading mixed-economy, social tolerance, social security, egalitarian, and immigrant-welcoming programs are wrong-headed, and that the sub-Imperial powers should instead pursue the utterly failed privatize-everything, might-makes-right, everyone-for-themselves, intolerant, wall-building, caste-based, unregulated, and brutally inhumane programs espoused and pursued by decades of the US Empire’s leaders.

In short, the ‘marriage’ of the sub-Imperial powers to the US Empire (just as with the vassal states of the Roman Empire as it was crumbling) no longer serves the interests of most if not all of the sub-Imperial powers.

We in the sub-Imperial nations now face massive global dangers and insecurity instead of security. We face economic collapse because we have ceded control of our own economies to the US Empire. We are facing political strife because the Empire’s relentless propaganda has perverted our citizens’ understanding and appreciation of our healthy, collaborative, internationalist, tolerant, egalitarian values, into a fear-driven distrust and loathing of public institutions, public services, and bilateral agreements of nations dealing with each other as peers.

And we are facing the near-global opprobrium of non-Empire nations’ citizens (most of the planet’s population) because we refuse to stand up the Empire’s endless attacks on and interference in the affairs of sovereign nations, and its relentless bullying, hate- and war-mongering. And we refuse to stand up to these abuses by the Empire because, like the battered victims of serial abusers, we know all too well the consequences of saying ‘no’ to what we’re told by our abuser.

If we were honest with ourselves, we would admit that this ‘marriage’ is a disaster, one that threatens to pull us down with the Empire as it collapses. But we cannot be honest with ourselves. We know how dangerous and horrific it could/would be for us to withdraw from this terrible ‘partnership’ of unequals. We are ashamed of our own weakness in letting things get to this state, in not realizing that this ‘partner’ we admired enough to commit to is actually an abusive, pathological tyrant, and an existential threat to us all.

How could we ‘break the news’ to our citizens, who have been heavily propagandized throughout the relationship to see the our abusive partner as a strong, just, powerful leader? Maybe our citizens would, in the face of ‘divorce’, choose to go with the abuser they have always depended on instead of the weak partner who wants to tear up the relationship they have known their whole lives.

And that, I think, is where we stand now. We knew our troubled partner back when it appeared kind, generous, and honest, and when it seemingly shared our values. We keep hoping that, with some help perhaps, that partner we tied ourselves to will go back to being what it was when we first established our relationship.

We are fooling ourselves.

But it probably doesn’t matter. There are no independent ‘divorce courts’ to appeal to in the cases of unequal partnerships of nations that have broken down due to irreconcilable differences. No one is going to help us exit this awful relationship, and if we try to leave, we will lose everything.

Empires, especially in the advancing stages of collapse, will not tolerate sub-Imperial powers that refuse to support them, that refuse to do what they’re told.

There is no undoing what we’ve done.

Posted in Collapse Watch, How the World Really Works | 7 Comments

Healing From Trauma in the Time of Collapse

I want to apologize for the ads that appeared on of one of my recent posts on the version sent out by follow.it to email subscribers — I failed to renew my premium membership that allows these emails to go out without ads. Hopefully I won’t forget again.


image by Midjourney AI; not my prompt

Recently, some mostly right-wing opinionators* have been tut-tutting about the extensive research that suggests that long-term, even generational trauma underlies much of the violence and hatred we see playing out in the world today. Their argument seems to be that war, violence and cruelty have always been with us, and so it makes no sense to argue that we are, as a species, any more traumatized than we have been in centuries past. Their implication is that past generations were just more self-disciplined and hence better behaved than we are.

Of course, they’re entitled to their opinion, and since studies of human behaviour lack the rigour of scientific evidence, it’s hard to prove them wrong. I cannot speak about the experience of previous generations — it may be that in the past, religion, political and social indoctrination, and other forms of conditioning made humans more self-restrained and self-censoring, sublimating and turning their trauma inward instead of expressing it outwardly in acts of violence, except behind closed doors.

But if you believe, as I do, that our behaviour is simply the reflection of our biological and cultural conditioning, given the circumstances of the moment, then the expression of our internal trauma (a form of mental illness) through external acts of physical and psychological violence would seem almost tautological. If our species has been rendered pathological by the stresses and traumas of living in a horrifically fast-changing, perilous, brutal, scarcity-plagued, uncertain, disconnected, insensitive, unfathomable, seemingly out-of-control and massively over-crowded and fragile civilization, it only makes sense that that pathology would be manifested in acts of brutal cruelty, extreme hatred, violence, war, and genocide as this civilization falls over the brink into collapse.

One of the whipping-boys of the opinionators is the idea (of psychologists) that to prevent early trauma, humans need, in early childhood, a sense of secure attachment (to their mothers, primarily, but also to their ‘tribe’ and to the place where they ‘belong’), and also need the ability to be their authentic selves and to relate to other people authentically.

Secure attachment from infancy means, in substance, that you know you will be cared for and looked after, and that you will therefore develop the capacity and the belief in the importance of caring for and looking after others. Authenticity means that when you are asked something, you are not afraid to tell the truth, and not afraid to say what you really believe, out of fear of adverse consequences for doing so.

Secure attachment enables the development of trust and mutuality, self-confidence, and connection to others, and is arguably a prerequisite to genuinely caring about other people and the world. Authenticity enables the development of a coherent sense of identity, beliefs and worldview, and comfort in your sense of who you are and where and how you stand in relation to others and the world.

“Nonsense,” say the opinionators. “All it requires is a bit of backbone, self-control, and a strong moral upbringing to overcome not having these things in early childhood. No need to baby people to have them behave decently.”

In this short video, Gabor Maté summarizes the counter-argument to this. “Trauma is not what happens to you,” he says, “trauma is what happens inside you as a result of what happens to you.” In this video, he explains how what happened inside you (often as a result of your lack of attachment or incapacity for authenticity in early childhood) will get triggered for the rest of your life when an incident occurs that reminds you in any way of what provoked that traumatic feeling inside you. It hence becomes part of your conditioning. The result can be pathological behaviour — constant neurotic feelings of abandonment, inadequacy, profound distrust, betrayal, and extreme suppression of emotions, leading to acts of hatred, cruelty, and violence.

This traumatizing ‘feeling inside of you’ that happened in early childhood is, Gabor explains, actually a coping mechanism, a survival technique, and is your body’s way of recognizing and alerting you about a danger or hurt, so you can supposedly ‘deal’ with it. But if you grow up not being allowed to accept yourself, listen to your ‘gut’ feelings, or express yourself authentically, you may be left with no way to deal with this hurt, so it just festers. “If your ‘survival’ depends on you being a certain way (pathological, inauthentic, dishonest, suppressing your feelings), you’re not going to give it up that easily”.

A lot of Gabor’s interviews have titles about ‘how’ to ‘heal’ from a lack of attachment or authenticity stemming from your earliest childhood. But what he talks about is not a process, but rather a sustained practice developing self-awareness about what it was that, in any particular stressful situation in your life, provoked an angry, sad, or fearful response in you, and what childhood trigger underlay that response, which is rarely related to what actually occurred in that moment. And if you can recognize that it was childhood trauma being triggered and not actually the events of the current moment that produced your reaction, you can then, he says, start to understand and heal from it.

I’m not sure where I stand on the possibility of (self-)healing from the effects of trauma. I think for some of us, though not by any means all of us, our conditioning might equip us to be sufficiently self-aware to heal. But I can accept that it is this triggering of childhood trauma that underlies and enables the ferocious emotional reaction that leads to the (uniquely human) propensity to commit the acts of cruelty, abuse, hatred, violence, war, and genocide that we see everywhere in the world today.

And those suffering from severe trauma who are also in positions of power (and sociopaths often seem to seek power as a futile means of gaining control over their seemingly out-of-control lives), will exploit this knowledge of how trauma works and can be triggered, to ‘deliberately’ (though they actually have no choice over their behaviour) provoke a traumatized response in others — to foment a mob into furious violence, an army into war, or a nation into hate and extremism, for example — by playing on others’ deeply-entrenched anger, fear, and sadness, triggering the emotional response born of internal trauma in each of us.

So I look at the profoundly pathological behaviours of Biden, Trump, Netanyahu, Zelenskyy, and Putin, for example, and I can kind of see how their seemingly irrational behaviour might easily be the result of conditioned, reflexive, trauma-invoked behaviours, responses and triggers stemming from early childhood. And I can see how these men could, given their situations, have likewise been prone to provoke angry, fearful, grief-stricken responses in their colleagues and in their many followers, that have led to such horrific acts of violence by all of them.

Like these sociopathic men, we are all conditioned, and in our species, sadly, it seems much of our conditioning is complicated by trauma, and much of our behaviour therefore ends up being the acting out of that trauma.

Our brutal, frenzied, precarious, disconnected civilization has inevitably, I think, created an environment and circumstances that preclude most of us from developing a sense of secure attachment and a capacity for authenticity when we are young. And the result is that almost all of us have been, I think, to a lesser or greater degree, traumatized and made mentally ill. The desperation that will inevitably accompany the deepening collapse of this civilization may make that situation considerably worse.

In the meantime, some of us, at least, might, through self-awareness of our feelings and what is really triggering them, heal ourselves somewhat from our own personal trauma. That healing will be pretty important in determining what our collective conditioned responses will be to the polycrisis of civilizational collapse. The more of us who are able to keep our wits about us, and not fall victim to the very human propensity to be triggered by, and act out, our trauma, in much of what we do, the better we are likely to cope as a species on the long way down.


* I kinda like this term. I find it applies across the political spectrum to people who offer nothing to a debate or discussion except their personal uninformed or misinformed opinion (or that of someone whose opinions they parrot uncritically), and who mistake righteous indignation for passionate argument. Almost all of what passes for relevant discussion in the mainstream media (notably the op-eds) and in social media is, IMO, nothing but opinionating. But that’s just my opinion.

Posted in Collapse Watch, How the World Really Works, Our Culture / Ourselves | 7 Comments

Self-Directed Learning (Sort of)

kelvin high school
a photo of my high school, c. 1969

I‘ve written before about my brief, astonishing experience with self-directed learning — aka Unschooling (or “independent study”, as they called it back then) — at the end of my high school years. This experiment utterly transformed my worldview, my competencies for dealing with the world, and the trajectory of my life.

PS Pirro brilliantly summarized the purpose and benefits of Unschooling in her book 101 Reasons Why I’m an Unschooler, Excerpt:

The world of the classroom is so unlike anything the real world has to offer – with the exception of other classrooms – that kids can excel at school only to find themselves utterly lost in the real world. Some people think this is the result of failed schooling, but a few of us suspect otherwise. We suspect that this sense of displacement and confusion is actually the result of schooling that succeeds in its most basic unwritten objective: to keep you dependent, timid, worried, nervous, compliant, and afraid of the World.  To keep you waiting. To keep you manageable. To keep you helpless. To keep you small.

Educated, confident, creative people are dangerous to the status quo, dangerous to a centralized economy, dangerous to a centralized system of command and control. Those in power don’t want you educated. They want you schooled.

It is not up to teachers or school administrators to figure out what you should be or do. It’s not up to the State, it’s not up to your guidance counselors. It’s not up to your parents. What you do with your life ought to be up to you. What you learn ought to be up to you.  How you navigate the world and create your place in it ought to be your decision. Your life belongs to you.  School does its best to disabuse you of this notion. Unschooling celebrates it. Unschooling puts the responsibility for creating a satisfying life squarely where it belongs: in the hands of the one living it.

Basically, this year of entirely self-directed learning endowed me with the capacity to learn things for myself — I no longer needed to be “taught” in order to learn. This was long before the internet came along and gave us a ton of new resources for self-directed learning — but gave us none of the competencies needed to use them.

As a result, I am constantly amazed to read, hear and see people who have all the information they need at their disposal to become deeply informed and conversant on many subjects, but who write, speak and act as if they had studied and understand none of it. This is not so much about literacy as it is about the ability to find and critically parse information — to consider its possible biases (and our own!), to seek corroborating and alternative perspectives, to review evidence that supports and challenges what is being said, and to engage in conversations with others that clarify, question and deepen our understanding.

The ‘conversations’ aspect of Unschooling is IMO critical. Self-directed learning isn’t just looking at stuff on the internet (or in books) — so-called “secondary research”. It also entails doing primary research — talking with people who know more than you know (or different things from what you know) on a subject.

My single greatest learning from being tasked with the job of being the Chief Knowledge Officer (yes, that was my actual title) of a large consultancy was this:

Almost all useful “knowledge transfer” (ie new understanding) occurs through skillful, one-on-one and small-group conversations, on topics that the participants have considerable but diverse knowledge of, and which the participants really care about.

That’s a tall order. Spouting of context-free, content-free and evidence-free opinions does not convey useful understanding. Discussions among people devoid of good conversation skills, facilitation skills and listening skills do not convey useful understanding. “Doing your own research” without supplementing it with conversations with people who know what is not available online or in books, and who “know more than they can write down” (that’s all of us, Dave Snowden reminds us), does not convey useful understanding.

And, of course, if, due to the catastrophe of formal schooling, we have never exercised our learning ‘muscle’ — our inherent capacity to know what to look for, where to look, how to look, who to talk with, how to critically parse and make sense of the information we obtain, and how to articulate it in our own minds and to others — those conversations will likely be fruitless in any case.

Our schooling system, as PS says, keeps us dependent on “schooling” — on being told the right answer, so we don’t have to think for ourselves. That’s not because those operating our schooling systems are ‘evil’. They honestly believe the world would be a better place if we all shared a common understanding (or common misunderstanding) of how things are, and why they are that way. And how they should be. They see nothing wrong with us all marching to the same drumbeat. After all, that’s how they were taught.

And so, once again, it really comes down to our conditioning. If you’re brought up with parents, friends and mentors who have been conditioned to love learning and to be competent at it, you’re likely to develop that love and retain that competency yourself, and pass it on to others. And, sadly, vice versa.

More than a little “home-schooling” (not at all the same thing as Unschooling) is done by parents who fear their children learning “the wrong things” in the formal schooling system. They essentially want to condition (indoctrinate) their children to believe unquestioningly what they believe. They’ve been conditioned all their lives to fear ‘evil’ (immoral thoughts, dangerous ideas, and the unknown, exemplified by ‘foreign’ people who they do not understand, and do not care to). And they intend to condition their children likewise. They have never learned to think and learn for themselves, so they do not trust the process, and don’t want their children to, either. It’s understandable.

The current Speaker of the US House, for example, exchanged, on a weekly basis, logs of porn sites and other ‘dangerous’ online sites, captured by security software on his, and his son’s, computer. When you have never learned to think for yourself, everything online is potentially dangerous. You must be continually coerced to consume only ‘approved’ information and ideas, even if that means buying espionage software to monitor your kid’s masturbation habits.

And this proclivity to actively discourage children from learning for themselves, out of distrust (they might learn the “wrong” things) is not limited to right-wing “home-schoolers”. I’ve seen examples of “progressive” parents who have signed up for self-directed learning programs for their children, but who insist that the program offerers provide “coaching” in subjects like anti-oppression, anti-racism, reparations and intersectionality.

This is no different from conservative parents insisting that their home-schooled or public/private-schooled children receive indoctrination in religious and moral issues in accordance with their particular religious (and sometimes political) views. You either trust your children to be able to think critically when you provide them with the capacities and resources to do so, or you don’t.

And if you don’t, you’re liable to support the banning of books and online censorship, and other means of indoctrinating your children (and others) to think like you do.

This is why I added the parenthetical words to this article’s title. The latest evidence on our (lack of) ‘free will’ suggests that everything we think, do and believe is conditioned, by our biology and by our culture — the people whose ideas, thinking and beliefs we are exposed to.

What real self-directed learning — Unschooling — offers is the means and opportunity to embrace a much broader and more diverse range of different, often conflicting, ideas, information and beliefs, and the capacity to consider and reflect on that entire range critically and thoughtfully. The result is almost inevitably a more tolerant, nuanced and deliberative worldview, one that is open to change and less likely to fall victim to propaganda, misinformation, hate-mongering, cognitive biases and groupthink.

If your conditioning has allowed and enabled you to embrace and employ self-directed learning, and to condition those around you to do likewise, you’re likely, I think, to be able to face every day, and the future, with the capacities, enthusiasm, and self-confidence to skillfully navigate just about anything you may face. Because you won’t just believe. You’ll know, as much as possible, what’s really going on, and why, and what might be done to deal with it effectively.

If your conditioning hasn’t given you these capacities… well, just look at what’s going on in the world, and you’ll readily see what happens when everyone is told what to believe and what to do, and discouraged and disabled from thinking and learning for themselves.

Since my year of Unschooling, 55 years ago now, I have found myself continuing to Deschool myself — ‘unlearning’ everything I have been told or otherwise came to believe in the absence of context, evidence, and critical thinking. It’s a lifelong task. It’s a bit like a superpower. Maybe anyone can do it, or maybe you have to be lucky or privileged or conditioned in certain ways to be ready for it.

I don’t know. One of the delights of learning how to learn for yourself, is the realization that you really don’t know anything. It’s all just a work in process.

Posted in How the World Really Works, Our Culture / Ourselves | 8 Comments

The Only Game in Town

A rather unsubtle parable, because that’s just how I’m feeling today after reading the news.


The game you loved to hate has morphed in recent years. The newest versions are cashless (you swipe the title deed with your ‘debit card’), and in some versions the prices of properties change as ‘market conditions’ change; some others are based on industries instead of geographic regions (corner an industry and you get to double your prices — talk about realism)! The original game, of course, was designed by Elizabeth Magie with two different rule sets to teach the evils of untrammelled capitalism. There are ‘cooperative’ versions and alternatives, but they haven’t succeeded; I guess reducing inequality is a hard sell in the gaming world.

And so, a group of kids sat down to play a game of Monopoly at Rick’s house. Since it was his game, and his house, he assumed he would be the banker, so he handed out money to each of the other players.

One of the kids noticed that the amounts of money he was giving to each player were different, and questioned him on it.

“Bankers’ privilege”, replied Rick. “I deem some of you as higher risks than others, so that determines how much I’m willing to lend you.”

The other child insisted that the initial moneys were not loans, but just the starting conditions for the game.

“I’m the banker”, said Rick. “And no competent banker would give out money for free. So here’s the list of interest rates that each of you will owe me on the moneys I’ve loaned to you. You can repay the loans and interest at any time.”

The other child insisted that that was not fair, since it essentially guaranteed that Rick would win the game, to which Rick replied that it was his house, his game, his rules, and that because of his exceptional skill and knowledge of the game, having never lost in his entire life, it was only reasonable that he would establish the rules, and that all other players would have to play according to his rules-based order.

There was considerable grumbling at this. One of the players asked if there were any other “rules” that would apply that were not in the rules of the game they were used to.

“Just a few,” replied Rick. “No one is allowed to form alliances without my permission. And Nat, since he’s my best friend, has to do whatever I tell him, and in return he gets special privileges like low-interest loans. And I don’t have to pay rent if I think it’s too high, and as banker I have exorbitant privilege, so can always just print more money when I do pay rent. And… take a look at these babies!”

Rick tossed out several black tokens the same size as the red hotels, that had an oblong silo shape.

“These are bombs,” he explained. “Only Nat and I can buy them, and we can use them on our turn to eliminate any of your houses and hotels. So you’d better be nice to us when we land on your properties.”

“That’s completely unfair,” one of the other children said. “I don’t want to play by those rules. Who’s up for playing our own game, using the regular rules?” Except for Nat, the others nodded and raised their hands.

“Up to you,” Rick replied. “But when you leave, you’ll have to face sanctions. You know, my leadership is what holds this group together. When I don’t run the game, then one of two things happens: either someone else tries to take my place, but probably not in a way that advances my interests and values, or no one does, and then you get chaos.” Finally he smiled and added: “If you prefer, we could play Diplomacy or Risk instead. I have special rules for them, too.”

Nat looked unhappy but stayed seated. The other children rose but looked unsure. Would they be able to organize their game without Rick and Nat? Stay tuned.

Posted in Creative Works | 3 Comments

Links of the Month: December 2023


image from Midjourney AI; not my prompt

None of it makes sense. It all makes sense. Or rather, none of it has to make sense. It is not about what is sensible, or in any group’s rational self-interest. We will go mad if we try to justify our headlong charge into civilizational chaos and collapse, our staggering cruelty to non-human creatures and our hate-fuelled slaughter of millions of other humans, as being logical, sensible, rational, or within anyone’s control.

This is what the relentless conditioning of billions of humans in our horrifically overcrowded world, riven by fear, hatred and insecurity, inevitably has led to. It could not have unfolded any other way, and will continue to unfold the only way it can, with all of us, doing our (mostly lousy) best, helpless to change it. Nothing to do with ‘pure evil’, or madness (unless you count the ubiquitous mental stress of living like rats jammed into a cage wracked by scarcity and dread as a form of madness). It’s just how this civilization is playing out. For most of us in the west, everything is slowly falling apart. For those in much of the world, collapse is already well-advanced.

All that can possibly be done is to accept it, and to start to learn to adapt to what is happening now and what is undeniably going to happen. And we can’t even do that.


COLLAPSE WATCH


What happens when governments decide that social support during a pandemic is “too expensive” to sustain; thanks to Indrajit Samarajiva for the link. Imagine what will happen when the government, bankrupted by military spending and economic collapse, abandons its social security and health commitments to its citizens.

Jim Hansen talks with Paul Beckwith: The retired NASA Director explains how the IPCC is absurdly underestimating the pace of climate collapse, as catastrophic warming of 2ºC is now likely within 15 years, and 10ºC of warming is now ‘baked in’ based on pollution levels already exceeded. Meanwhile the UNEP similarly underestimates warming, saying their current projection is just 3ºC by 2100.

Human population to fall back below 2B this century: Population expert Bill Rees crunches the numbers on how many people a climate-ravaged planet could support. And that’s with just 4ºC of warming.

Five more tipping points: A new report describes five more catastrophic tipping points that will be unleashed when we pass 1.5ºC of warming, which is now likely to happen this year instead of the 2030 date predicted just two years ago.

Frauds take over COP28: Hundreds of lobbyists looking for government funding of debunked technologies like Carbon Capture and Storage, and Cap-and-Trade systems, have turned COP28 into a farcical industrial trade fair.

Smoke-and-mirrors “growth”: The Honest Sorcerer explains how economic contraction, a prelude to economic collapse brought on by the end of cheap energy, is now occurring, disguised by fake GDP numbers counting financial and legal “activities” that produce nothing of value and add nothing to the economy. Thanks to Paul Heft for the link.

The health costs of climate collapse: The Lancet has projected a staggering number of heat deaths, deaths from drought and starvation, and deaths from a surge in tropical diseases by mid-century, again based on just 1.5ºC to 2ºC of warming.

Alberta methane release underestimated by 50%: The Alberta oil industry and government regulators have failed to count a third of the horrifically-damaging methane released by its oil & gas projects.

Do we have the ‘free will’ to tackle climate collapse?: Energy expert Richard Heinberg summarizes Robert Sapolsky’s new book denying human free will, and comes down uncomfortably on the “yes, we kind of have some” fence. Ouch. Thanks to Bart Anderson for the link.


LIVING BETTER


cartoon by Michael Leunig, of course

How not to age: Michael Greger’s new book, with 13,000 citations of research reports, summarizes what we all can do to live healthier and longer lives using just diet and exercise. Caveat: He’s a whole-plant-food supporter who warns about paleo and low-carb diets, with the research to back it up. Video summarization of the book here. Transcript of that video here. Kind of folksy review of the book including an interview with Michael here.

Learning from “the Troubles”: Naked Capitalism suggests, without much hope, that the slow, careful, patient process used to achieve a lasting peace in Northern Ireland might be useful for those seriously looking to achieve peace in Palestine.

More books to understand the world: Part 2 of a list of books useful for both appreciating the history of the challenges we face in the world, and coping with them. Even includes some books on non-duality! (If you’re interested in the earlier post, Part 1 is here.)

What (most of) the world considers human rights: The UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). Kinda depressing how flagrantly they’re being violated and ignored by countries that at least at one time signalled that they supported them. Thanks to Gerry Gras for the link.

Gabor Maté on what we need as children: Why secure attachment and authenticity from early childhood are so important to our mental health, and how trauma destroys them: Brief, brilliant, six-minute clip from a recent interview with Gabor, despite the annoying interviewer.

Self-Directed Learning: A summary of how SDL differs from “schooling”. Thanks to Tasha Gee for the link.

The pseudoscience of “homeopathy”: A sparkling takedown by Rebecca Watson.


POLITICS AND ECONOMICS AS USUAL


Blinken/Biden peace protesters; video from CBC

What if there are no answers to many current conflicts?: Aurélien delves at length into some of the most long-lasting and scarring conflicts in modern history, and suggests there may be nothing that we can do to heal them. Excerpt:

It’s not just that western interventions have often been disastrous, it’s that the belief in “solutions”, particularly inclusive, just, equitable, comprehensive, lasting etc. etc. is a misunderstanding of the situations we are confronted with, and a misreading of history. The struggle between dominant and subordinate groups, and the drawing of nation-state borders have been violent affairs throughout history. We may be able, and we should certainly try, to make the process more rapid and less bloody where we can. But we should not fool ourselves into thinking there are “solutions” ready to implement. Sometimes the best that we can do is to manage intractable problems as well as we can. Sometimes there is no way out.

And Aurélien follows up in a later article with an analysis of how fear and oppression work in a reinforcing cycle in areas of conflict, inevitably leading to calls for a “final solution” to end the cycle (though that has never worked successfully). Excerpt:

If your objective is explicitly to create an ethno-nationalist-religious state, then the very presence of people of a different ethnicity or religion within your state is a security threat, which you are bound to fear will one day destroy you. This leads ineluctably to a policy of repression, exclusion from power, and ultimately expulsion and violence. But with every hostile act against other populations, you start to fear, quite reasonably, that you are creating even more resentment which will one day blow back against you. But you cannot change your objective, then that fear leads to more repression, which leads to more fear, which leads … And in the end, voices arise, saying that the only real solution is the complete expulsion, or even extermination, of the Others, and logically they are right, for some values of “solution.”

So what we are seeing in Gaza is not a “war”, or a national or international armed conflict, though it might superficially resemble one. It is the age-old story of the use of violence by the strong against the weak, in order that the strong should dominate and control the territory they claim, and thus feel safe. And it is hard to see why this episode should end any more positively, or any less violently, than comparable previous episodes in history have done.

Corpocracy, Imperialism & Fascism: Thanks to John Whiting for many of these links. Short takes:

Propaganda, Censorship, Misinformation and Disinformation: Short takes:

CoVid-19 as The New Normal: Short takes:

  • The latest global data shows a levelling off of excess mortality in most countries in recent months (though the data is woefully slow being released by many countries), and it suggests CoVid-19 remains the fifth commonest cause of death in the world in 2023. I continue to mask in crowded indoor spaces, isolate and test when feeling unwell, and get the latest boosters, all of which this data supports.
  • It appears we are going to do nothing to mandate better ventilation in busy public venues like restaurants, schools, and workplaces. Not surprised.

FUN AND INSPIRATION


cartoon by Charlie Hankin in the New Yorker

The strange bedfellows of UnHerd: The right-wing Conservative-funded platform has drawn in former progressives like Paul Kingsnorth and Rhyd Wildermuth. They share the stage with racists, warmongers, anti-vaxxers, and right-wing conspiracy-theorists. Cognitive dissonance, anyone?

Kim Quindlen’s tiny hilarious cultural anthropology: Kim’s short videos, poking fun at our (and her) most bizarre and little-noticed proclivities, are masterful. Unfortunately only on X. Thanks to Raffi for the link.

The second-class treatment of autoimmune disease sufferers: Thanks to medical system ignorance, lack of profitability, and lack of glamour, sufferers of autoimmune diseases are less likely than those suffering from other conditions, to get proper diagnosis, funding or care for their disease.

War is over (if you want it): 700 people sing the John Lennon classic.

The SAT question everybody got wrong: No peeking ahead in the video to see the correct answer. No, I got it wrong too.

No singularities, please, we’re Kiwis: Theoretical physicist Sabine Hossenfelder is astonished to read that Roy Kerr, a New Zealand-based expert in their field, has proved that a fundamental assumption about black holes, articulated by Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose, is simply wrong.


THOUGHTS OF THE MONTH


fridge magnet from Cedar Mountain Studios

From Anne Boyer, letter resigning from her post as NYT poetry editor (thanks to Lyz Lenz for the link):

I have resigned as poetry editor of the New York Times Magazine. The Israeli state’s U.S-backed war against the people of Gaza is not a war for anyone. There is no safety in it or from it, not for Israel, not for the United States or Europe, and especially not for the many Jewish people slandered by those who claim falsely to fight in their names. Its only profit is the deadly profit of oil interests and weapon manufacturers.

The world, the future, our hearts—everything grows smaller and harder from this war. It is not only a war of missiles and land invasions. It is an ongoing war against the people of Palestine, people who have resisted throughout decades of occupation, forced dislocation, deprivation, surveillance, siege, imprisonment, and torture. Because our status quo is self-expression, sometimes the most effective mode of protest for artists is to refuse.

I can’t write about poetry amidst the ‘reasonable’ tones of those who aim to acclimatize us to this unreasonable suffering. No more ghoulish euphemisms. No more verbally sanitized hellscapes. No more warmongering lies. If this resignation leaves a hole in the news the size of poetry, then that is the true shape of the present.

From Caitlin Johnstone, post entitled I Will Not Look Away:

I will not look away. No matter how horrific it gets, I will not look away. No matter how many children I see killed and injured in the most gruesome ways imaginable, I will not look away.

No matter how much human suffering I see by keeping my gaze on Gaza, I will not look away. No matter how many nightmares I have, I will not look away. No matter how many tears I shed, I will not look away.

No matter how many reasons the propagandists and manipulators come up with for me to turn my gaze elsewhere, I will not look away. No matter how many insults and accusations I am tarred with for refusing to look away, I will not look away. No matter how much easier it would be to look away, I will not look away.

I will not avert my gaze. I will not become distracted. I will not lose myself to the sedated stupor of escapism. I will not do my best to pretend that everything is normal and that life is basically fine. It’s a paltry offering, really. Almost nothing. But it’s all I’ve got to offer: this simple, sacred vow to honor the victims by refusing to look away from what’s being inflicted upon them. To be here for it, to the furthest extent possible.

The people of Gaza are suffering far more than I have ever suffered, and probably far more than I ever will suffer. But, in my own meagre and entirely insufficient way, I can try to make sure they’re not suffering on their own. To the extent of one person’s gaze, one person’s attention, one person’s reverence, I can ensure that the world has not turned their back on them. I can ensure that, to that extent, they are not forgotten.

That way even if my other efforts fail, if all our collective efforts fail, if the activism comes up short, if we fail to open enough eyes and apply enough pressure in the necessary places, then at least their deaths, their losses and their anguish will not have slipped by unnoticed. Unappreciated. Unvalued. Unwitnessed.

I will not look away, because these lives matter and I have a duty to honor them. I will not look away, because that would be giving the bastards what they want. I will not look away, because even in my powerlessness to help I still have the power to bear witness. I will not look away, for the same reason that when my parents are dying I will hold their hand and stay by their bedside until they are gone.

Even if we can’t stop this, at the very least we can give them our seeing. At the very least we owe them that.

From Nesrine Malik, in the Guardian:

The truth, too hard to accept, is that there is nothing you can do. You can write to your MP, you can march, you can protest. And the killing continues. As that happens, a jarringly bloodless account of the conflict is given by political leaders in countries like the US and UK, one that seems to omit the sheer fact and number of the deaths and resorts instead to an almost surreal language that calls for “every possible precaution” to protect civilian life. UN officials, not known for intemperance, now lose their cool and use the strongest terms possible, in what seems to be a direct result of this weird insistence on not calling reality what it is. The day before the truce, Gaza authorities put the death toll at 14,532.

That’s where the sense of losing your mind comes from: the fact that it seems, for the first time that I can think of, western powers are unable to credibly pretend that there is some global system of rules that they uphold. They seem to simply say: there are exceptions, and that’s just the way it is. No, it can’t be explained and yes, it will carry on, until it doesn’t.

From Derek Walcott, from Collected Poems 1948-84:

EARTH

Let the day grow on you upward
through your feet,
the vegetal knuckles,

to your knees of stone,
until by evening you are a black tree;
feel, with evening,

the swifts thicken your hair,
the new moon rising out of your forehead,
and the moonlit veins of silver

running from your armpits
like rivulets under white leaves.
Sleep, as ants

cross over your eyelids.
You have never possessed anything
as deeply as this.

This is all you have owned
from the first outcry
through forever;

you can never be dispossessed.


Posted in Collapse Watch, How the World Really Works, Our Culture / Ourselves | 5 Comments

Play’s the Thing


Midjourney AI’s take on kids playing tag; my own prompt

I did not realize at first what it was that I looked upon. As my wandering attention centered, I saw nothing but two small projecting ears lit by the morning sun. Beneath them, a small neat face looked shyly up at me. The ears moved at every sound, drank in a gull’s cry and the far horn of a ship. They crinkled, I began to realize, only with curiosity; they had not learned to fear. The creature was very young. He was alone in a dread universe. I crept on my knees around the prow and crouched beside him. It was a small fox pup from a den under the timbers who looked up at me. …

He innocently selected what I think was a chicken bone from an untidy pile of splintered rubbish and shook it at me invitingly. There was a vast and playful humor in his face. … I dropped even further and painfully away from human stature. It has been said repeatedly that one can never, try as he will, get around to the front of the universe. Man is destined to see only its far side, to realize nature only in retreat.

Yet here was the thing in the midst of the bones, the wide-eyed, innocent fox inviting me to play, with the innate courtesy of it two forepaws placed appealingly together, along with a mock shake of the head. The universe was swinging in some fantastic fashion around to present its face, and the face was so small that the universe itself was laughing.

It was not a time for human dignity. It was a time only for the careful observance of amenities written behind the stars. Gravely I arranged my forepaws while the puppy whimpered with ill-concealed excitement. I drew the breath of a fox’s den into my nostrils. On impulse, I picked up clumsily a whiter bone and shook it in teeth that had not entirely forgotten their original purpose. Round and round we tumbled for one ecstatic moment. We were the innocent thing in the midst of the bones, born in the egg, born in the den, born in the dark cave with the stone ax close to hand, born at last in human guise to grow coldly remote in the room with the rifle rack upon the wall.

But, I had seen my miracle. I had seen the universe as it begins for all things. It was, in reality, a child’s universe, a tiny and laughing universe. I rolled the pup on his back and ran, literally ran for the neared ridge. The sun was half out of the sea, and the world was swinging back to normal. The adult foxes would be already trotting home. …

For just a moment I had held the universe at bay by the simple expedient of sitting on my haunches before a fox den and tumbling about with a chicken bone. It is the gravest, most meaningful act I shall ever accomplish.

— The Innocent Fox, by Loren Eiseley (abridged)

Play is one of the behaviours that, I think, is biologically conditioned in us, rather than culturally conditioned. In fact, except within the constraints of rigid rule-based competitive games, my sense is that most human cultures now actually discourage play. We fear that play will interfere with our focus, our sense of responsibility, and our success in life. “Life is hard” is the refrain of many adults, everywhere. Play is frivolous, we are told, a waste of time. And, bereft of practice, we have largely forgotten how to do it.

Loren’s fox pup, we might rationalize, plays because it is an effective and relatively safe way to learn essential survival skills. But animal behaviour studies have identified lots of play behaviours that have absolutely no apparent “learning value”. Wild creatures seem to play, then, when other imperatives aren’t making demands on their time, just for fun. Just like the two little girls on the train I wrote about recently.

As I get older, I am more and more drawn to the very simple argument that the fundamental driver of almost all animal behaviour, including our species’, is to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. It explains so much, that more ‘utilitarian’ explanations cannot.

This pleasure/pain ‘logic’ to our behaviour is understandably disturbing to those who insist there must be a ‘higher’ meaning and purpose to our lives than this. But why need there be? My sense is that, for the devout and religious (including those who adhere to the modern religions of ‘free market’ economics and the inevitability of ‘progress’), there must be a higher meaning and purpose to justify all the suffering in the world ‘now’, even though most of that suffering is seemingly self-inflicted by our species. This suffering is necessary, we hear, in order to make the world better for future generations (or in the ‘afterlife’).

This seems to me an utterly threadbare and backwards argument. Despite attempts by moralists and misguided Hobbesians* to rewrite pre-civilization history to align with their narratives, there is abundant anthropological evidence that pre-civilization human cultures lived healthier, more peaceful, and hence presumably happier lives than anything our civilized cultures have ever produced. The problem is there is no way from where we are now back to that simple, easy, connected way of life — the way most wild creatures live, or lived until their ways of life were destroyed by human incursion. No way back, that is, except forward through collapse.

That’s not anyone’s fault, but it’s enough to ensure most of us are conditioned to believe that civilization’s current collapse must be prevented or at least mitigated, and that just accepting collapse (as inevitable, or even as a somewhat positive development) is deemed unacceptable ‘defeatism’. So we have to suffer, and work hard to keep things going as long as possible. No time for play, sorry.

I have met many people, mostly but not all of them young people, who seem to have retreated from the ‘real’ world into what some might call an escapist world of play and imagination, often immersed in online role-playing games. And there are others who are beginning to begrudge having to be part of a ‘work world’ that seems to them broken, unpleasant, unfair, and unnecessary. Doing work, they might be sensing, is not only disagreeable, it’s unnatural, especially work that does not give us pleasure. If our human population were much smaller, and if we used technology in effective and egalitarian ways, then theoretically at least only people who really wanted to work would (have to) do so. The rest of us could play all day.

This is what life is like for many bird species. You vie with others, if you’re so inclined, to be a ‘breeding pair’. That pair works hard because that’s what they’ve ‘signed up’ for. The others help out during breeding system, but the rest of the year they spend a small amount of time seeking and consuming food, and the remainder of their time in play, even as adults. I witness this outside my window every day. If we’re such a smart species, why can’t we manage to do this?

Why do we like to play, rather than doing something else, or nothing at all? We seem to be a naturally curious and imaginative — and social — species. Playing, including activities like making music, and art, and love, and dancing, seems to be in our DNA. We can conjure up evolutionary reasons for this behaviour, but there is no need to do so. We may just do it because it maximizes pleasure.

Play is important, not for what it might teach us that is of use to us in the rest of our lives (that seems to be mostly a by-product advantage of play), but because it keeps us healthy and happy. It’s good for our bodies and our psychological health. It produces and releases chemicals associated with happiness, peacefulness, and exhilaration.

I am very fortunate in that, especially in my retirement years, I am able to spend more and more of my time in play. Most of my ikigai — the list of things that get me up in the morning and eager to start my day — are playful activities.

And when we live in a society that disparages play as “kids’ stuff”, deforms it into prescriptive, competitive activity, and gives us so little practice at it that (as with most of the retired men I know) we lose the capacity to do it, that society is inevitably going to be unhealthy.

I’ve often described myself as a “joyful pessimist”, and much of what I think makes me joyful “in spite of everything”, is the pleasure I find in play. As I relayed in my short story about the young fortune-teller, I have learned that even the simple act of (unforced) smiling has an enormous effect on my attention skills, my level of self-awareness, and the amount of pleasure I experience each day. Smiling has a strange pleasure-multiplier effect, as I wrote about in my story:

Unforced smiling actually did affect my mood, and when I’m smiling, I notice things more often, and focus on them for longer, than when I’m just inside my head. It’s as if my brain is constantly saying “Hey, what is it that you’re smiling about?” and turning its attention to finding visual clues to justify the smile. It was my first realization that the brain’s incessant pattern-making is all about rationalizing what is already happening, not actually making anything happen, not actually deciding anything. And, looking (or, sometimes, listening), it is forced to find something worth smiling about…

That seems to me an inherently playful way of looking at the world. And smiling can also of course serve as an invitation to others to play, too, and can be infectious.

Since our behaviour is, I am convinced, fully conditioned, we cannot deliberately set out to include more play in our lives, or engage more playfully with the world. We are either inclined to do so, given the circumstances of each moment, or we are not. But I think our declining capacity for real (unstructured, not rules-bound) play bodes badly for our ability to cope with the accelerating collapse of our sad, suffering civilization. I’ve suggested that this incapacity may stem from an unfortunate entanglement of the circuits in our brain early in our species’ development, an evolutionary misstep.

But perhaps if we are able to find the opportunity to hang around more often with young children and wild creatures, we might witness, in Loren’s words, “the universe swinging around to present its face, a face so small that the universe itself is laughing”. And, at least for a moment, we might remember the joy and the astonishing pleasure of simple play, and laugh along with it.


* Hobbes’ “nasty, brutish, and short”, often misrepresented as referring to the lives of wild creatures, actually referred to human societies in the absence of strong central governments.

Posted in How the World Really Works, Our Culture / Ourselves | 2 Comments

The Sleep Cycle: Still Mostly in the Dark


Left image: How much of your night is spent in each phase of the sleep cycle; Stage 3 (N3/SWS) sleep is considered the most restorative and makes up about 20% of young people’s sleep, but as little as 10% of seniors’.
Right image: A typical young person’s five nightly sleep cycles; note that almost all N3/SWS sleep occurs in the first two cycles (the first three hours) of sleep.

As with most pseudosciences, the ‘medical’ research on the connection between ‘good’ sleep and good health is mostly anecdotal, reinforces ‘conventional wisdom’, tends to confirm the researchers’ hypotheses (research that doesn’t confirm their hypotheses generally doesn’t get published), is subject to multiple cognitive biases, and fails to meet rigorous scientific standards. In other words, it’s mostly just opinions.

The other problem with sleep ‘research’ is that there’s not much money to be made from it, so it’s underfunded relative to its importance to our health. And in any case it’s hard to test hypotheses about sleep since testing generally requires disrupting people’s normal sleep habits. And of course it’s almost impossible to compensate for all of the factors that might provide a better explanation for the test results, many of which the test subjects probably aren’t even aware of. For example, older people tend to overrate their sleep quality (compared to what researchers found) because they just expect poorer quality sleep in old age to be ‘normal’.

With those caveats, I’ve been looking at what we know about something called N3 (third-stage non-REM) sleep, also known as slow-wave sleep (SWS). My interest stems from some modestly-convincing evidence that this, the deepest stage of sleep, is the stage mostly associated with the body’s restorative systems — secretion of human growth hormone (to repair and replace worn cells and tissues) and a shift in the autonomic nervous system from a sympathetic (“fight/flight”-ready) state, towards a parasympathetic (“rest and digest”) state. It’s also allegedly the state most associated with the immune system’s self-healing processes. And some new research suggests a shortage of N3/SWS sleep correlates with a higher risk for memory loss and dementia.

I’m not sure I buy this — there’s a lot of room for confusing correlation with causation here — but I’ve noticed in my retirement years that I feel less ‘rested’ in the mornings than I used to, and specifically I hardly ever wake up in the mornings feeling like I’ve had a really great night’s sleep, which used to happen quite often. So I thought it was worth looking into. Apparently this feeling of having had a good night’s sleep correlates with the amount of N3/SMS sleep achieved.

I started with nutritionfacts.org, since I trust Michael Greger’s skepticism about the quality of much medical research, and his insistence on relying only on the most credible reports and meta-analysis. Not surprisingly, that review didn’t turn up any great surprises (with the exception of the effect of pistachios, noted below).

So I read some other meta-analyses from relatively credible sources not linked to the “sleep industry” or obvious medical quacks. Here’s the unexciting consensus of how to maximize your SWS “deep” sleep:

  1. sleep in a dark and quiet room (sleep masks and earplugs work better than white noise machines)
  2. keep your bedroom between 18-21ºC, and well ventilated
  3. maintain the same bedtime every night, and aim to wake at the same time every morning
  4. get 90 minutes of moderate or 40 minutes of vigorous exercise a day; and exercising late in the day is fine
  5. no screens in bed, or less than an hour before sleep (and there is limited evidence that blue-filtering glasses work)
  6. eat foods rich in antioxidants, avoid foods that are inflammatory (saturated and trans fats and cholesterol), and avoid heavy meals just before bedtime
  7. get out of bed if you can’t fall asleep or if you awaken, rather than just lying there; in fact leave the bedroom and do something else (not involving screens) until you feel sleepy again
  8. occasional daytime naps are OK but avoid a regular habit of them
  9. don’t use your bed just for lounging
  10. eat just two pistachios if you’re suffering from insomnia or jet lag, one to two hours before sleep; just two pistachios has as much natural melatonin as a full dose of melatonin pills
  11. drink 6 eight-oz cups (1.5 litres) of water (men 8 cups — 2 litres) during the day, but minimize liquids in the evening; that will keep you healthily hydrated but minimize overnight awakenings to pee
  12. do about 5 minutes of Progressive Muscle Relaxation in bed just before sleeping, starting with your foot muscles and working up: inhale, contract muscles for 5 seconds, exhale and release, relax for 10 seconds, then move on to the next muscle group

Makes sense, I suppose. The problem with most of these findings is that they relate to a shortage of overall sleep (insomnia), rather than a shortage of N3/SWS sleep. As we age, our average hours of N3/SWS sleep drops by more than half, even when taking into account the sleep-affecting chronic illnesses and geriatric conditions that are more prevalent in older people.

What’s going on here? If N3/SWS sleep is when our body regenerates its cells and tissues, and restores its nervous and immune system, shouldn’t older people be getting more of this rather than less? And does it have something to do with the fact most N3/SWS sleep tends to occur in the first three hours of sleep, and the fact that older people tend to get up earlier in the morning, and wake more often and for longer periods at night, but often don’t go to bed that much earlier at night to compensate?

Another obvious question is whether frequency of sex in the evening improves your ability to fall asleep (hopefully afterwards) and the quality of that sleep. One study suggested that partnered sex with orgasm did modestly (but only by about 15%) improve both these things, while neither masturbation (with or without orgasm) nor sex without orgasm did (and the results were the same for men and women). Pretty subjective data, though. It basically relates to the type and volume of hormones that either promote or inhibit sleep, that are produced during different ‘kinds’ of sex.

My speculation is that part of the answer to these questions is the gap between perceived sleep quality and actual sleep quality, specifically the duration of N3/SWS sleep. Several studies suggest, for example, that exercisers often will report no improvement in sleep quality, while monitoring devices suggest they have achieved significant improvements. If the exercise makes your muscles stiff, you might feel unrested in the morning even though that exercise significantly increased your N3/SWS sleep.

I’d also speculate that getting up (eg to pee, or to deal with aches and pains) within a couple of hours of going to bed might prevent you from getting that essential N3/SWS sleep that mostly occurs early in your sleep. Rather than just ‘number of awakenings’ during the night, it might be worth tracking the timing of those awakenings, and studying how to shift those periods of awakening to later in the night, after the benefits of N3/SWS sleep have already been achieved. Or alternatively, perhaps, finding a process for ‘resetting’ your sleep cycle after awakening, so that you go more quickly into N3/SWS sleep.

Related to that, one might surmise from the research that ‘sleeping in’ (eg on weekends) to make up for a late night (or a week of late nights or bad sleep) might not help much, since later cycles feature less N3/SWS. I’ve found myself that when I just ‘sleep in’, the extra hour or so doesn’t seem to help my overall sleep quality, but if I get up, do something uncomplicated, and then go back to bad, the extra sleep seems much more beneficial.

My final speculation would be that it’s the quality of sex (including solo sex) that determines its benefit for your subsequent sleep. Not rushed, not done “just so I can get some sleep”, not feeling awkward or guilty, not an attempt at catharsis to address some stress or unhappiness in your life. I can’t imagine any sex that is really fun not having a positive effect on your mood, your body chemistry, and your sense of relaxation when you turn out the lights, which I think inevitably is going to improve the quality of your subsequent sleep.

The researchers may never be able to figure it out, but our bodies know what they like, want, and need. Listening to them might be the best advice for improving both the joy and the benefits of our sleep. And if that reduces the risk of cell and tissue breakdown, the diseases of chronic stress, immune system dysfunction, memory loss, Parkinson’s, and dementia, so much the better.

Posted in How the World Really Works | 3 Comments

What the “Rules Based International Order” Really Means


This map, from Multipolarista, shows the US-centred Empire bloc of nations (in red) that subscribe to the US-invented Rules Based International Order. The countries in green do not recognize that order, and they continue to support de facto a UN-centred international system governed by international law.

There was a meeting a couple of years ago between the US and China where the two sides — pro-Empire and pro-Multipolarity — each used their own coded language to express what they had been conditioned, very differently, to believe to be in the best interests of world order and security. Clinton Fernandez, an Australian professor and former intelligence officer, recounts the event in his book Sub-Imperial Power:

AT A HIGH-LEVEL SUMMIT between the United States and China in March 2021, the US Secretary of State said he was ‘committed to leading with diplomacy to advance the interests of the United States and to strengthen the rules-based international order’. The director of China’s Foreign Affairs Commission countered by saying that China and the international community upheld ‘the United Nations–centred international system and the international order underpinned by international law, not what is advocated by a small number of countries of the so-called rules-based international order’.

China was essentially saying that the ‘rules-based international order’ was simply a euphemism for the will of the (US) Empire, and that China would fiercely oppose that Empire in favour of an ‘international order’ underpinned by international law (ie governed, at least ostensibly, in the interests of the people, not that of corporate wealth and power, and based on bilateral negotiations between autonomous nations, not the edicts of Empire).

This is perhaps the ultimate expression of the 21st century’s greatest “clash of ideologies”, one that could quite conceivably end in nuclear annihilation. Each side wants, and each side stated in this conversation, what it believes is in the best interests of its people. While both reflect selfish interests, what underlies them are diametrically opposed ideologies bordering (thanks to generations of consistent conditioning, xenophobia, and hate-mongering) on religions.

The Empire sincerely believes that its model, with the appearance or at least promise of ‘representative democracy’ and ‘free enterprise’, is the best model. It’s a model that presumes the rich and powerful (who presumably became so by virtue of personal merit) know better than the ‘average citizen’ what’s best for everyone. It’s a top-down ideological model, an essentially military one. A “crusade” model.

The Multipolarists, on the other hand, sincerely believe that individual nations are best suited to determine and act in the best interests of their citizens, and that those interests are best identified through continuous negotiation with, and education of, their citizens, at the most local level, leading then to bilateral agreements between nations. It’s a bottom-up ideological model, though the route up from the bottom may often be onerous, opaque, bureaucratic and even impervious.

Ideologies have never worked at any scale in our civilization’s political systems. Both models are fatally flawed, and both are on a collision course with the limits to growth, the inherent frailties in all large systems, and the accelerating multi-faceted collapse of most of the world’s economic and ecological systems.

So, to translate: Rules Based International Order means, essentially, the order established by the US Empire, which is itself exempt from the ‘rules’ it makes. It is the order that assumes that the only means of preventing global chaos and collapse is for the Empire to control the whole world, and remake all societies in its image, which is manifestly exceptional and inherently superior to all others. It is maintained by an overwhelming show of force — nearly 1,000 massive, nuclear-armed US/NATO Empire military bases perched on the doorstop of all nations not aligned with the Empire, and by direct intervention in the politics of these unaligned nations to coerce them to join the Empire or smash them so they can be dismantled and expropriated.

It doesn’t sound all that palatable when you put it that way. And it’s hard to believe that what China, the largest trading partner of, and investor in, most of the world’s nations, offers could possibly be worse.

That’s how it seems to me, anyway.

Posted in How the World Really Works, Our Culture / Ourselves | 2 Comments